ประโยค Passive Voice ที่ต้องการคำ preposition “by”
เพื่อแสดงให้เห็นว่าใครเป็นผู้กระทำอาการนั้นๆ
ในกรณีเช่นนี้จะต้องมี by + object ในประโยค Passive Voice ด้วย เช่น
Charles Dickens wrote this book.
= This book was written by Charles Dickens.
( ถ้าไม่มีคำว่า by Charles Dickens แล้ว ประโยคจะไร้ความหมาย)
A falling rock hit Joe on the head.
= Joe was hit on the head by a falling rock.
ผู้กระทำกริยานี้ จำเป็นจะต้องมีไว้ประโยค Passive Voice เพื่อให้ความหมายเด่นชัดขึ้น
A snake did not bite her, a bee stung her.
= She wasn’t bitten by a snake , she was stung by a bee.
III. กริยาช่วย (auxiliary verb) ต่างๆ
may, might, can, could, must, ought to, shall, should, has to, have to, etc……
ให้ใช้ be + Past Participle มาต่อท้ายเมื่อทำเป็นประโยค Passive Voice ดังนี้คือ
กริยาช่วย (auxiliary verb) ต่างๆ may, might, can, could, must, ought to, shall, should, has to, have to,
etc……ให้ใช้ be + Past Participle มาต่อท้ายเมื่อทำเป็นประโยค Passive Voice ดังนี้คือ
may, might + be + past Participle
can, could + be + past Participle
must, have to + be + past Participle
ought to + be + past Participle
etc.
- You ought to open the window.
The window ought to be opened.
- My teacher can speak German.
German can be spoken by my teacher.
- The pupils should obey the teacher.
The teacher should be obeyed.
IV. ประโยค Active Voice ที่มีกรรม 2 ตัว (double objects)
สามารถทำเป็น Passive Voice ได้ 2 แบบ
- The Headmistress gave me a prize. (Active Voice)
แบบที่1 I was given a prize by the Headmistress.
แบบที่2 A prize was given to me by the Headmistress.
- They showed us the palace where the Royal family lived.(Active Voice)
แบบที่1 We were shown the palace where the Royal family lived.
แบบที่2 The palace where the Royal family lived was shown to us.
แม้ว่าทั้ง2 แบบ จะถูกต้องทั้งคู่แต่นิยมใช้แบบที่1 คือเอา Personal Object
ซึ่งเป็นกรรมรองมาเป็นประธานของประโยค Passive Voice
Exercise
Chang the following sentences into the Passive Voice with a personal subject.
1. They showed me a lovely necklace.
…………………………………………………………………...
2. A friend lent me for his pen.
…………………………………………………………………...
3. I gave him a cake for his birthday.
…………………………………………………………………...
4. Did he offer you the job I told you about?
…………………………………………………………………...
5. Did anyone send you the photographs?
…………………………………………………………………...
6. The teacher asked them a very difficult question.
…………………………………………………………………...
7. His father promised him a bicycle if he passed the examination.
…………………………………………………………………...
8. My friends told me the bad news this morning.
…………………………………………………………………...
9. The teacher taught him Italian.
…………………………………………………………………...
10.Jim bought me a novel last weekend.
…………………………………………………………………...
เฉลย
1. I was shown a lonely necklace.
2. I was lent that pen by a friend.
3. He was given a cake for his birthday.
4. Were you offered the job you were told about?
5. Were you sent the photographs.
6. They were asked a very difficult question by the teacher.
7. He was promised a bicycle by his teacher if he passed the examination.
8. I was the bad news by my friends this morning.
9. He was taught Italian by the teacher.
10. I was bought a novel by Jim last weekend.
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